IPEXIQ · LEARN
Aligned with AACE Recommended Practices (14R-90, 29R-03, 38R-06, 52R-06)

Planning — The Universal Discipline

Planning is the connective tissue of every project discipline. Engineering deliverables, contract awards, interface handovers, construction packages, commissioning windows — none of it works in isolation. A good schedule is where they all meet, calibrated by standard strings, milestones, and S-curves that have been earned the hard way over many projects.

Why planning shows up everywhere

Most disciplines on a major capital project quietly resolve to the same handful of questions: when does this start, when does it finish, what does it depend on, and who else is waiting on it? That is a planning conversation — even when nobody calls it one.

The schedule will contain activities that look exactly like CPDS contract-development steps. It will contain milestones that mirror the interface register. It will carry the engineering deliverable cadence and the construction sequencing in the same place. Planning is the only discipline that touches all of them.

That is also why bad planning is so destructive. A weak schedule fragments the rest of the project's controls; a strong one stitches them together.

One schedule, many disciplines

CPDS activities — contract development steps appear as a standard schedule string per major package.

Interface milestones — every entry in the interface register should map to a schedule milestone with a forecast date.

Engineering deliverables — IFR / IFC dates anchor procurement, vendor data, and construction.

Procurement & vendor data — PO award, mob, and certified VDR feed every downstream discipline.

Construction & commissioning — handover sequences, system-by-system, with their own milestone strings.

Concept #1

Standard strings, custom durations

The single most under-used technique in capital project planning is the standard string: a reusable sequence of activities with consistent naming, consistent logic, and consistent calendars — but with durations tuned to the specific package. A pump skid, a pressure vessel, and a structural steel package all share the same string shape: SoW → ITT → Bid Eval → RFA → PO → Mob → IFC → Fab → Deliver. Only the durations change.

Why use them

Comparable across packages — variance reads make sense because the activities are the same.

Faster planning — the planner replicates a string, not 40 individual activities.

Auditable — reviewers can challenge a duration without re-litigating the structure.

Why they fail

Activity codes drift over time — every package ends up with its own naming.

Durations get copied wholesale rather than tuned — strings become unrealistic.

Strings get hidden inside summary bars — the structure is there, but invisible to reviewers.

Where IPEXIQ fits

The CPDS app codifies the contract-development string — the durations to argue over, in one place.

The Interfaces app codifies the handover milestones that anchor every string to its neighbours.

The XER Reader lets you check whether the standard strings actually made it into the schedule.

Concept #2

Milestones as the project's grammar

A schedule with no milestones is a schedule no executive will read. Milestones turn thousands of activities into a sentence the rest of the project can quote. They also happen to be the natural meeting point between the schedule and the interface register — every interface handover should appear as a milestone, and vice versa.

Level 1 milestones
Project-wide events the board will see — FID, mechanical completion, RFSU, first production. A handful, not a hundred.
Level 2 / 3 milestones
Discipline and package level — IFC issue, PO award, mob to site, system handover. These are the milestones that should map 1:1 to the interface register.
Concept #3

S-Curves — the schedule made legible

An S-Curve is the integral of activity progress over time. Plotted alongside its baseline, it is the most compact and honest summary a project can produce. AACE RP 14R-90 and RP 29R-03 both rely on S-Curve reads as the first-pass diagnostic for whether a schedule is on plan.

Plan vs. Earned vs. Actual
The classic three-curve read: BCWS (planned), BCWP (earned), ACWP (actual). Their gaps tell you about schedule performance and cost performance separately — the basis of EVM.
Curve shape matters
A flat early curve and a vertical late one is not a plan — it is a hope. Reading curve shape early surfaces unrealistic ramp-ups before they consume contingency.
Built from the schedule
A genuine S-Curve is generated from the activity-by-activity schedule, not drawn separately. The XER Reader rebuilds resource and labour curves directly from TASKRSRC and calendar data.
Concept #4

Variance reports — the analysis layer

A schedule on its own only tells you where the project thinks it is. A variance report tells you where it has moved — and that's where the conversation with the planner becomes productive. AACE RP 29R-03 and RP 38R-06 treat baseline comparison as the foundational forensic technique.

Baseline vs. current
Compares the live schedule to the original frozen baseline — the "what did we promise on day one" read. Best for board-level reporting and contractual claims.
Issued vs. current
Compares against the last issued revision — the rolling-month read. Best for catching the slippage that quietly accumulates between formal baseline updates.
Logic-quality variance
Open-ends, missing predecessors, hard constraints, negative float. Schedule quality variance is just as important as date variance.
Curve variance
Comparing planned vs. earned S-Curves at any point gives you the SPI (Schedule Performance Index) — a single number for "are we on schedule?".

Planning overlays every other chapter

Each of the other chapters in this Learn series has a planning shadow.

FEL → Planning
Logic Diagrams (FEL) seed the master schedule.
Open chapter
Interfaces → Milestones
Every interface handover should appear as a schedule milestone.
Open chapter
CPDS → Standard string
CPDS activities are the canonical contract-development string for every major package.
Open chapter
Benchmarking → Durations
Benchmarked durations calibrate the standard strings.
Open chapter

See it in a real schedule

The XER Reader puts these concepts in front of you against an actual P6 export — WBS, S-curves, baseline variance, and logic checks, in your browser.